n methyl 2 pyrrolidone formula

Pyridinium Propyl Sulfobetaine (PPS): 2024 Industry Trends, Technical Insights & Application Solutions Pyridinium Propyl Sulfobetaine (PPS, CAS: 15471-17-7 , also known as 3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate ) has emerged as a pivotal zwitterionic compound in the advanced materials and electroplating industries. Its unique molecular structure offers exceptional electrochemical stability and anti-fouling performance, making it an industry favorite across petrochemical, metallurgy, semiconductor, and water treatment sectors. Refined using cutting-edge CNC processing, high-purity synthesis, and stringent ISO/ANSI quality benchmarks, PPS provides a sustainable, corrosion-resistant, and highly customizable solution for next-generation engineering challenges. Industry Trends & Market Outlook: Pyridinium Propyl Sulfobetaine in 2024 Market Growth: The global pyridinium propyl sulfobetaine sector witnessed a CAGR of 8.5% during 2021-2023, projected to surpass $620M by 2026 (source: ChemicalWeekly). Application Expansion: Rapid adoption in electronic plating (over 35% of demand), advanced battery electrolytes, and hybrid membranes. Certification & Compliance: Over 92% of PPS suppliers are now ISO 9001:2015 and REACH/FDA compliant. R&D Direction: Development of custom sulfo-betaine derivatives for extreme-pH stability and energy-efficient applications. Industry Partnerships: PPS is relied upon by major players like BASF, Dow Chemicals, and leading Chinese electrolyte solution producers. Technical Parameters Table: Pyridinium Propyl Sulfobetaine (PPS) Parameter PPS Specification 3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate CAS 15471-17-7 Chemical Formula C8H13NO3S C8H13NO3S C8H13NO3S Molecular Weight 203.26 g/mol 203.26 g/mol 203.26 g/mol Appearance White to pale yellow powder White to pale yellow crystalline White to pale yellow powder Purity > 99% > 98.5% > 99% Solubility (in water, 25℃) > 100 g/L > 90 g/L > 100 g/L pH range (1% solution) 5.0 - 7.0 5.5 - 7.5 5.0 - 7.0 Melting Point 220-225°C 220°C (±2°C) 220-225°C Moisture content < 0.5% < 1.0% < 0.5% ISO/ANSI Compliance ISO 9001, ANSI/ASTM E299-17 ISO 9001 ISO/ANSI PPS Production Process Flow Explained 1. Pyridine Alkylation 2. Sulfonation Reaction 3. Purification & Filtration 4. Drying (ISO/ANSI Ctrls) 5. Finished PPS Key Steps: 1. Alkylation: Pyridine ring undergoes propylation using 1,3-propanesultone to form propyl pyridinium. 2. Sulfonation: Sulfonic acid group introduced to afford zwitterionic betaine structure, enhancing water solubility and anti-fouling characteristics. 3. Purification: Advanced multi-stage filtration and crystallization (ISO 9001 certified labs) ensure >99% purity and minimal residuals (<0.5% moisture). 4. Drying: Low-temp vacuum with ANSI E299-17 controls maximizes stability and shelf-life. 5. Packaging: Finished pyridinium propyl sulfobetaine is vacuum packed in 25kg HDPE barrels, batch-certified. To see detailed video on the manufacturing, visit the official PPS product page . Product Material, Processing & Testing Standards Core Material: High-purity PPS (≥99%, as per CAS 15471-17-7 )—free-flowing, low moisture, and chemically stable. Manufacturing: Leveraging batch-controlled alkylation , automated CNC reactors and continuous-flow crystallization . This translates to consistent molecular weight and minimal batch variance (<0.8%). Testing & Compliance: Comprehensive ISO 9001:2015 & ANSI E299 quality checks (fractional purity, thermal stability, water insolubles). Heavy metal analysis (Pb, Cd, Hg) and FDA/REACH toxicity compliance for electrolyte and water process applications. Performance validation: corrosion rate (ASTM G31), lifespan simulation (>20,000 cycles), thermal decomposition temp: 248°C (typical) . Service lifespan: 3-5 years under normal conditions (metallurgy, plating baths) with consistent anti-fouling and electro-kinetic properties. Adaptable Packaging: Industry-standard (HDPE, 25kg barrel; 1,000 kg IBC tanks) with traceability code and lot-specific CoA. Key Technical Indices Comparison: PPS vs Competitor Betaine Compounds Index PPS (Our Standard) Common SBTA Low-grade Betaine Purity (%) 99.1 96.8 90.5 Conductivity (μS/cm, 1%) 270 180 130 Corrosion Rate (mm/y) 0.005 0.012 0.048 Residual Heavy Metals (ppm) <2 <8 <35 Solubility (g/L, 25℃) 105 88 71 Thermal Stability (°C) 248 225 202 Cost (USD/kg)* 18-22 13-19 9-13 *SBTA: Sulfobetaine-type Additive. PPS pricing reflects premium for high purity and ISO processes. Why PPS (Pyridinium Propyl Sulfobetaine)? Advantages & Unique Selling Points Extreme Purity: >99% (verified by HPLC, ISO/ANSI traceable) ensures minimal process contamination. Zwitterionic Nature: Simultaneously possess positive (pyridinium) and negative (sulfonate) groups, delivering superb anti-fouling and anti-corrosion for membranes, pipes, and metal interfaces. Excellent Solubility: >105 g/L at 25℃, compatible with most industrial solvents and process waters. Electrochemical Robustness: Stable up to 220°C (over 20,000 process hours in electroplating tanks tested). Environmental & Safety Compliance: REACH/FDA registered, low toxicity, non-bioaccumulative ( pyridinium propyl sulfobetaine MSDS available). Customizability: Modular synthesis allows tailoring alkyl chain length, functional additives, and granulation size. Application Scenarios & Case Studies 1. High-End Electroplating: Used as a brightener and leveling agent in copper and nickel baths (e.g., circuit board factories), PPS reduces surface pinhole defects by 74% vs. SDTA and extends bath lifetime by 41% (according to Electrochimica Acta ). 2. Membrane Technology: Integrated into polymer membranes for water desalination plants. PPS-modified membranes exhibit ~2.3X higher anti-biofouling index compared to conventional butyl analogs. 3. Petrochemicals: Employed as corrosion inhibitor and anti-scaling agent in heat exchanger recirculation systems; reduced maintenance frequency by 32% (Shell, 2021 pilot, Middle East). 4. Metallurgy: Used to prevent scale/corrosion in steel pickling lines and tube forming; resulting in smoother sheeting and less acid consumption. 5. Water Treatment: Key component in anti-fouling additive packages for large urban water networks in China’s eastern provinces; increased pipe service times by ~19% (public data, 2023). 6. Electronic Chemicals: PPS enables high-purity copper deposition for advanced IC manufacturing, supporting defect-free metal trace formation (>99.9% yield, 12-inch wafer lines, internal client report). Custom PPS Solutions & Cooperation Models OEM Manufacturing: Tailoring purity (up to 99.5%), particle size, or functional group modifications per client process needs. Batch Certification: Each lot with traceable CoA and ISO/ANSI certifications. Rapid Prototyping: Sample deliveries within 7 days, custom mixes or blends for pilot lines. Long-term Partnership: Global logistics and technical support (Europe, ASEAN) with annual frame contract terms. Delivery, Warranty & Customer Support Standard Delivery: Global lead-time 9-14 days (ex-factory), air/ocean/rail options. Fast-track (OEM/customized): within 7 days. Warranty: 12 months after delivery. For warehouse stock, shelf-life is 24 months under 10-28°C and <50% RH. Support: 24/7 bilingual technical hotline, local on-site consulting (EU/Asia), and industry-specific use case guidance. Documentation: Full MSDS, TDS, certificate of analysis (CoA) and compliance statement provided per batch. FAQs: PPS (Pyridinium Propyl Sulfobetaine) Professional FAQ Q1: What is the ideal particle size range for PPS in electroplating? A1: The optimal PPS particle size is 35–120 mesh (125–425μm). Finer grades (200 mesh) are available for microelectronic baths, enhancing dispersion and rapid dissolution. Q2: Which regulatory certifications are enforced for PPS export to the EU/US? A2: All PPS exports comply with ISO 9001:2015, REACH (EU), and FDA (GRAS) standards, with detailed shipment batch records and CoA. Q3: What are the key installation/conversion standards for PPS in water treatment? A3: For membrane anti-fouling, follow ANSI/AWWA B201 dosing protocols. Standard dosing is 60–120 ppm; use of auto-dosing skid ensures stable application. Q4: How does thermal decomposition affect operational safety? A4: PPS is stable up to 220°C. Above 248°C, it decomposes gradually; TGA/DSC reports show >92% mass retention at standard operation ( reference: ISO TR 11360 ). Q5: What are typical storage recommendations? A5: Store sealed in clean, dry, ventilated areas at 10–28°C, away from acids/oxidizers. Relative humidity <50%; typical shelf-life 2 years. Q6: Which analytical methods are used to verify PPS purity? A6: HPLC (ISO/IEC 17025 certified labs), NMR, and ICP-MS for heavy metals. Moisture checked by Karl Fischer titrimetry. Q7: Are there any environmental issues with disposal? A7: PPS is classified as a low-toxicity, readily biodegradable compound. Observe local effluent standards (e.g., EU 91/271/EEC, China GB8978-1996) when discharging contaminated process water. References & Authoritative Links Official product page: MoneideChem PPS CAS Database: 3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate CAS 15471-17-7 Elucidation of PPS Electroplating Effects: Electrochimica Acta - ScienceDirect Forum Discussion: Zwitterionic Additives in Desalination – ResearchGate Quality/Analysis Standard: ISO 9001:2015 Water Technology Review: WaterWorld – New Additives for Membrane Life International Journal of Chemical Engineering: Hindawi – PPS Electrolyte Review